Decriminalization Of Drug Usage Among Portugal - 1299 Words

Decriminalization of Drug Usage in Portugal Derrick Routon American Government 101 Professor Newman 21 April 2016 Portugal has garnered a large amount of attention since adopting a new method to combat drug usage. They have moved to decriminalize low scale drug possession and usage instead of an incarceration of low level offenders. Many nations have desired to reevaluate their own regimen of substance control and the way abuses were handled. The Portuguese government has collected a plethora of data while the implementation of their drug governance changed. The statistics gathered have shown that current United States policies would benefit from changes in its rabid criminalization of substance abuse. In 2001, the European Monitoring Centre for Dugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) enacted the new drug policy in Portugal. The new law focused on the decriminalization of drug use. In their words, this â€Å"comprises removal of a conduct or activity from the sphere of criminal law. Prohibition remains the rule, but sanctions for use (and its preparatory acts) no longer fall within the f ramework of the criminal law.† Notice the wording focused on the fact that drug use was still a societal obstacle even with the new law. The reason for such a drastic policy shift was due to staggering statics centered on the rise of drug usage. The political reasons for the shift to decriminalization was due to the increases in drug abuse and the other diseases thatShow MoreRelatedDrug Use And Its Effect On Crime1610 Words   |  7 PagesCrime and drug use in Portugal has been a major issue, however after the government instated decriminalization, the number has decreased. Decriminalization appears to have had a slight positive effect on crime. â€Å"With its recategorization of low level drug possession as an administrative rather than a criminal offence, decriminalization inevitably produced a reduction in the number of people arrested and sent to criminal court for drug offences from over 14,000 in the year 2000, to around 5,500-6Read MoreShould Marijuana Drugs Be Legal ized?932 Words   |  4 PagesThe subject of drugs has certainly been an issue that has been widely discussed. Over the years, it has always boiled down to whether all drugs should be legalized or not. While the United States has been arguing over the topic of for many years, countries, such as Portugal, have taken an alternative and very unique way to fight the war on drugs. In 2001, the Portuguese government decided to flip its war on drugs strategy entirely: It decriminalized them all (Aleem). At first, this strategy was greatlyRead MoreAmericas War On Drugs1528 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica’s war on drugs has failed. After millions of dollars and untold man hours spent enforcing the prohibition of illegal drugs, there is little, if any, success to show for it. Illicit drugs are still available on most American street corners, drug usage rates have not decreased, and the scourge of drug related violence continues to spread like wildfire. Sadly, the war on drugs has also resulted in the incarceration of millions of Americans for petty possession offenses and has created a blackRead MoreDecriminalization Of The Criminal Justice System909 Words   |  4 PagesIn July, 2001 Portugal s Law 30/20001 decriminalized all drugs. Under the new law, possession of small amounts of drugs (~10 days or less worth of personal use), while still legally prohibited, were no longer grounds for criminal offense. This approach was taken from a public health perspective and was accompanied by a concurrent increase in treatment and harm-reduction options.2 The combination of decriminalization, taking drug-users out of the criminal justice system, and investment in harm-reductionRead MoreThe Encyclopedia Of Drug Abuse760 Words   |  4 PagesEncyclopedia of Drug Abuse. 2nd ed. New York: Facts on File, 1992. 175-79. Print. Summary: The article in this reference source also offers an overview of what marijuana is, but provides a more thorough overview of its ancient history than the above reference source. What is truly excellent about this article is that it examines the effects of marijuana usage. Also, the article discusses how the effects are highly subjective and dependent on several variables 2. Greenwald, Glenn. Decriminalization in PortugalRead MoreLegalization of all Drugs - Persuasion Essay1645 Words   |  7 PagesLegalization of all Drugs - Persuasion Essay â€Å"I ve never had a problem with drugs. I ve had problems with the police.† This quote, told by Keith Richards, represents a major problem affecting the rights of the American people. Contrary to what former presidents Richard Nixon and Ronald Reagan and much of the American population believed, the effects of illegalizing drugs and declaring the â€Å"War on Drugs† have been far more detrimental to the wellbeing of the nation than if all of the drugs on the ControlledRead MoreDrugs : Why They Should Be Decriminalized2049 Words   |  9 PagesDrugs: Why they should be decriminalized Imagine this scenario, you and a friend are at a party. The host offers you and your friend to smoke a joint. Thinking that it’s a cigarette you and your friend both take one, without realizing it’s actually marijuana. You and your friend enjoy it so much thinking it’s a different brand of cigarette that you end up smoking more than usual. Before leaving you grab a handful of marijuana. You and your friend end up driving back home, but you two are pulledRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1714 Words   |  7 PagesEthics 312 18 April 2016 Drugs in the United States There has been controversy centered around the thought of legalizing drugs in the U.S and the effects of legalizing or not legalizing drugs. There are several drugs such as cocaine, heroin, opium, to name a few, with the most common being marijuana. The question raised on this topic is whether we should prohibit drug use, making it illegal or only allow marijuana to be legal. Discussions on this topic mention that drugs will be available in theRead MoreThe War On Drugs, And Sale Of Illegal Drugs1865 Words   |  8 PagesThe usage, abuse, and sale of illegal drugs is an epidemic that has remained an unsolved problem of the United States. The biggest effort that the United States has launched in order to deal with rampancy of drug issues is the War on Drugs that was started by former president Richard Nixon. During its beginning, the War on Drugs was controversial due to the attitudes that were directed to drug users that were cultivated by the policies being set. In the present d ay, the War on Drugs is under scrutinyRead MoreDiscussing Drug Legalization1821 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Drugs are bad, mkay.† That’s what we’ve come to learn from Mr. Mackey in South Park (Ike’s Wee Wee). While that is known, what is the best way to combat drug use in society today? It is true the government is spending billions of dollars on the â€Å"War on Drugs,† but if they were to be legalized would that be replaced with money being spent on healthcare due to drug related incidents, or drug treatment programs? It is true that a large amount of crime and the prison population are drug related offenders

Environmental Challenges Facing American Auto Industry Essay

Environmental challenges facing American Auto industry Introduction The first gasoline powered automobile was built 1885 in Germany. The first car was engineered by Henry Ford in 1896. He took things a notch higher by establishing an assembly line which enabled him to mass produce the vehicles thus making them affordable to the consumers. The use of automobiles has since increased in the US and other parts of the world. By 1999, the US alone had over 200 million passenger cars and light trucks. The number of cars worldwide grew thrice faster than the human population. The increase in the number of automobiles has become a matter of great concern as it leads to serious air pollution. For instance, European Environment Agency reported that transportation emission presents a huge threat to the environment. Global competition in the industry: During the first half of this century, automobile imports were negligible on American roads. For instance in 1950s, only 21,287 automobiles were imported and local manufacturers ignored their presence in the belief that the imports were small and low quality. However, foreign automobiles have since set the quality benchmark and in 1986 reached an all-time high of 4.1 million units. In 1980s the big three auto makers (Ford, General Motors, and Fiat/Chrysler) formed joint ventures with Japanese automakers in order to capitalize on consumer attitude towards foreign automobiles. In 2004, the automobile manufacturers formed theShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Challenges Facing The American Auto Industry Essay955 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: Environmental challenges facing the American auto industry 1 Environmental challenges facing the American auto industry BUS1101 Unit 5 Written Assignment University of the People ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES FACING THE AMERICAN AUTO INDUSTRY 2 Environmental challenges facing the American auto industry The traditional internal combustion engine has been the mainstream automobile power source and even after the next generation vehicle engines made an appearance. The new generation enginesRead MoreEnvironmental Challenges Facing American Auto Industry953 Words   |  4 PagesENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES FACING AMERICAN AUTO INDUSTRY The environmental challenges facing American auto industry is very huge, as a result of large number of vehicles on the road causing air emission, pollution of the environment that has a negative impact to people’s health today, due to the toxicology and the effect of carbon, hydrogen and carbon monoxide emission on the environment. These has also contributed to the climate change, death and disappearing of some species of wild lifeRead MoreEnvironmental Challenges Facing The American Auto Industry Essay775 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Challenges facing the American Auto Industry The American Auto Industry has evolved for many decades with pioneers such as Ford Motor Company. The United States Auto Industry was once upon a time a global leader in the automotive industry but due to knowledge and skills acquisition by other automobile manufacturers such as Toyota, the once American Auto Industry leadership has been surpassed. I will give discuss this following paragraphs. Global Competition in the Industry So far theRead MoreEnvironmental Challenges Facing The American Auto Industry1385 Words   |  6 Pages Environmental challenges facing the American auto industry xxxxxx xxxxxx University of the People Word count: words Abstract This paper covers the current environmental challenges the face the American auto industry as a whole and the impact that has. Environmental challenges facing the American auto industry The American Auto industry is well known world wide with many manufacturers carving a path for their business and brand, most becoming householdRead MoreEnvironmental Challenges Facing The American Auto Industry Essay920 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Challenges Facing the American Auto Industry †¢ The global competition in the industry †¢ New technology for powering the product that industry produces †¢ The effect of emissions on the environment and government reactions †¢ The consumer opinions about the product the industry produces The Environmental Challenges Facing the American Auto Industry According to the Environmental Protection article at www.eponline.com, it states that the environmental issues top the list of challengesRead MoreThe Environmental Challenges Facing The American Auto Industry1033 Words   |  5 PagesThe environmental challenges facing the American auto industry. At the beginning of twenty centuries until now the American auto industry has been growing and in demand. Henry Ford innovated mass-production techniques that became standard, with Ford, General Motors and Chrysler emerges as the â€Å"Big Three† auto companies by the 1920s. Manufacturers funneled their resources to the military during World War II, and afterward automobile production in Europe and Japan soared to meet demand. Once vitalRead MoreEnvironmental Challenges Facing The American Auto Industry Essay900 Words   |  4 PagesThe Environmental Challenges Facing the American Auto Industry This essay seeks to analyse the environmental challenges facing the American auto industry. I will examine the global competition, new technologies for automobile powering, the effects of emissions, and customer opinion about the industry in the following paragraphs. (Select USA, n.d.), have identified the United States as having one of the largest automotive markets in the world, as it is home to thirteenRead MoreEnvironmental Challenges Facing The American Auto Industry Essay1408 Words   |  6 PagesThe environmental challenges facing the American Auto Industry When the automobile was introduced to the public, they immediately fell in love with it. It was a welcome miracle of science, clean, efficient and a reliable machine compared to the horse and carriage which required constant cleaning and a large place for storage. As more and more people acquired these machines, no one noticed the changes it made to the environment. The term smog was first used in California around the 1940’s to describeRead MoreEnvironmental Challenges Facing The American Auto Industry895 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Challenges Facing The American Auto Industry The automobile manufacturing industry is one of the largest industries in the United States and there are some worldwide famous companies such as Ford and General Motors. Henry Ford innovated mass production techniques that became standard, with Ford, General Motors and Chrysler emerging as the â€Å"Big Three† auto companies by the 1920s (Foner - Garraty 1991) (Bland,A).† As I wrote earlier, Ford, General Motors and Chrysler are calledRead MoreEnvironmental Challenges Facing The American Auto Industry797 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Challenges Facing the American Auto Industry The American auto industry faces environmental challenges such as Global competition, technological Issues in the industry, effect of emissions on the environment Consumer opinions about the product your industry produces. Global Competition Today, the modern global automotive industry encompasses the principal manufacturers, General Motors, Ford, Toyota, Honda, Volkswagen, and Daimler Chrylser, all of which operate in a global competitive

Creativity and Innovation Model by Planet Innovation Pty Ltd â€Æ

Question: Describe about the Creativity and Innovation Model by Planet Innovation Pty Ltd. Answer: Introduction: Define the problem The report is basically discussed about the use of creative and innovative models within an organization. In this report, a company named Planet innovation Pty Ltd. has been targeted for the analysis. Creative designing techniques help in developing a more innovative solution for a complex situation that is rather difficult to be resolved through normal course of action. The present report, in this regard, aims to integrate Creativity and Innovation model in a real life challenge faced by organizations (Creative education, 2016). For this purpose, the report provides a critical analysis and examination of business challenge faced by the Planet innovation Pty Ltd of meeting customer expectations through continuous innovation. The report explores idea generation methods and techniques that can be used by the organization for appropriately defining the problem faced and generating possible ideas for its resolution. It also describes various methods that can be used for evaluating and im plementing the idea generated for developing the possible solutions for the problem in context (May, N.D.). At last, the report also provides a reflection on the strengths and limitations of the methods used in the project for resolving the problem identified. Analyzing challenge in Planet innovation Pty Ltd. through application of Applied Creativity Innovation Exploring Innovation Challenge of Planet Planet innovation is capable and continuously growing company of technology design. It is famous in designing of products for biomedical, clean-technology, industrial and commercial market. The company is currently emphasizing on becoming more customer focused through designing more innovative solutions to expand its market share. The main innovative challenge faced by the company in this regard is the new hearing solution app made by the company. The company developed a hearing aid system as a smart phone app and a Bluetooth-enabled programmer named Incus. This app was for those people who have hearing loss. With the help of this app, the patients do not need to meet face to face with anyone (Financial review, 2016). Problem faced by the company can be defined most appropriately through the integration of creative-problem solving approach. As per the creative-problem solving approach, the practice of innovation in todays competitive marketplace is not only about developing new produ cts and services for the target customers but involves implementation of new ideas to meet untapped customer needs. In this context, the problem statement for Planet can be defined as arising of innovation challenge for developing new strategies in order to design new app that can become an integral part of Australias innovation system. The company has to continuously drive its innovation efforts so that it incorporates emerging technologies in designing of such useful products for patients (Planet, 2016). Innovative companies like Planet have to constantly innovate for identifying effectively the future needs and demands of the customers for staying competitive. Thus, the main challenge that exists before Planet in this regard is to identify the unknown needs and desires of its customers, patients through implementing the right ideas and then take consecutive action for developing innovative solutions. The main focus of the present report is to explore and discuss creative thinking strategies for developing the most effective solution for Planet to sustain innovation in its workplace (Planet, 2016). Mind mapping techniques of Planet There is a famous techniques named mind mapping techniques for the organizations. This technique was created for the organizations so that they can generate new ideas for the business. Definition Of mind mapping: The process of mind mapping refers to come up with new ideas that branch out from the central idea. It is basically a geographical representation of to sum up the organizational information for the innovation. The mind mappings consist of six hats in different colors for effective thinking (Tonybuzan, 2016). The first one is blue managerial hat whose role is to manage and direct the thinking process. Second one is white natural hat whose role is to collect the data and information regarding to the thinking process. Third hat is red intuitive hat whose role is to use the feelings to find the solution of the problems. Fourth one is black pessimistic hat and it has negative approach. It is also important hat because it helps to understand negative aspects of the thinking. On the Fifth, there is green creative hat whose role is to think innovative and expand the possibilities in unique ways and at last, there is sixth optimistic yellow hat whose role is to think for positive benefit by the logical thinking(Sicinski, N.D.). The challenge before Planet in this regard is to identify the unknown needs and desires of its customers, patients through implementing the right ideas and then take successive action for developing innovative solutions. For the innovative thinking, the six hats of mind mapping can be used by the company. Figure 1: Mind mapping Blue managerial hat Mind mapping for the Planet Innovations Mind mapping techniques help a particular company and a person to think different and innovative. This is very strong tool to identify the information which is interconnected to the innovations. By using mind mapping style in the innovation, the company can change the way of presentation of products and services among the consumers. The team of the company can use the mind map as a source of information and use the map for the further ideas and solutions. The features of the mind mapping can impact the way of thinking and innovation of a company. The acceptance of mind mapping not only influences one person but also focus on whole organization level. Brain Storming Brain storming is a kind of opportunity for the flow of different ideas and thoughts without any barriers for the innovation and creative thinking. The benefit of brain storming is that it encouraged peoples to add the new ideas and thoughts for the innovation in something. The basic work of brain storming is conveying the new ideas and concepts to other peoples. It includes techniques such as graphics, notes and diagrams for capturing the creative ideas and innovative concepts. Six hats and co-relation of each hat with the innovation Mind mapping for Planet innovation has been given for the analysis of the innovation of new products. From the figure, there are five hats in the organization that plays different roles within the business. First hat is blue managerial hat. This focuses in some questions such as what problems are coming with the innovation of new products, how company can sustain its competitive advantage by the innovation, what are the ways to sustain the innovations in the product, how to identify the needs of customers etc. this hat helps the company to identify the exact problem. Second hat is the white hat which helps the company to know that what the knowledge it already has to about the product and what are the requirements of innovations the product is needed. White hat focuses on some questions related to innovation by meeting customers expectations. Third hat is red hat which helps the company to assume some condition with feelings and guts. It focuses on the questions such as based on the feeling, what process company can adopt for meeting the expectations of the customers, and intuitively, will the adopted solution be the right solution for the growth of the company etc. Fourth hat is black hat which enables the company to think on the danger and drawbacks of adopted process for the innovation. It includes some questions such as what will be the drawbacks from new innovations, how many ways are there to fail of new product, and what are the risks associated with the new innovations etc. further, fifth hat is yellow hat shown in the diagram. The yellow hat enables to think the company about the ways and approaches for the new innovations. It includes the questions such as what can be the best process for innovating new products, how can the process work logically, and what will be the positive outcome from the customers by new innovations etc. Now, the last one hat is green hat which allows the company to think on another way for the innovation. It always takes a sec ond side of thinking such as could innovation can be done from another way, what alternatives are there with the choose ways for the innovations of new products (the thinking business, 2016). The six thinking hats of mind mapping is the best tool which improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the thinking method of the company. By using the mind mapping method, Planet innovation will be able to identify the needs of the customers. Along with this, company will also be able to identify the best possible ways to bring innovation in the products so that it would meet the requirements of the customers. The six thinking hats will help the company in problem solving, overcome from challenges, finding out the solution, getting the answers and opportunities to get competitive advantage (businessanalystlearnings, 2016). Fishbone techniques Fishbone techniques refer to the analysis of existing process for determining the available opportunities for the improvement in the business. The technique can help the organization to generate objectives for the work and allow developing an action plan to achieve those objectives. The objectives of fishbone technique are to set the goals and rank the ideas which are most important to achieve those goals. After that the technique moves to work on the key ideas for creating innovation. Ideation: Generate ideas Innovation process consists of the creation and identification of new ideas. The success of idea generation depends upon the best opportunity which is identified. When the company generates ideas, it makes choices about creative problem solving process (Insead, 2008). There is an idea generation model which describes the cycle of idea generation used by the company for the growth of the business. By this model, designer of the company generates the ideas, refines the ideas, research and represent the ideas. Figure 2: Idea generation model (Source: Herring, Jones Bailey, 2009) The model consists of three dimensions i.e. refine, research and represent. All three dimensions encompasses by the category inspiration. Designers search for the inspiration by focusing on refine, research and represent the ideas. The process of idea generation starts with the research. In the research part, Planet innovation research on the ideas that which product needs modification and innovation. The problem in the company is that how the company will sustain its image among the customers by innovations. Research will generate the various options of diverging ideas. After doing research, company represents the ideas physically among the customers. When representations of the ideas get success, company gets starts to evaluate and refine the concept of idea. The refined concept inspires the company to do more innovations and research for the further process (Herring, Jones Bailey, 2009). This is the continuously process for the idea generation and is helpful for every innovation. Design: potential solution Design thinking refers to the methodology which is used by any company to solve the problems and challenges and to find out the proper and appropriate solution for the problem. Design thinking includes building up ideas, drawing logic, imaginations, and identifying the possibilities of the problem (Brenner Uebernickel, 2016). It offers a structural framework for the innovation in the products. In the case of Planet innovation, by adopting the design thinking in the app company is able to identify the real value of the customers. When the company starts to make product, it makes the design for the upcoming product for the customers who will use that product. Design enables the company to identify the requirements of the customers (Planetinnovation, 2016). Implement the solution Implementation of ideas and solution in the business operation is the most crucial part of the business. Implementation will be successful if there is proper idea generation for the problem (Baumgartner, N.D.). Planet innovation produced many useful products and apps for the customers. It has framework for the production so that it can identify the needs and requirement of the customers and can develop the products according to those requirements. It implements the techniques of mind mapping and framework of idea generating. By the proper use of the model of mind mapping, company gets able to know that what type of products the company should develop, and hat are the needs of customers. Along with this, mind mapping framework allows the company to identify the risks associated with the new development and innovations. By implementation of the process of research, represent and refine, the company is able to find out the new ways and ideas for the future innovations so that it can mai ntain its position in the market by satisfying its customers (Kraus, Barton, N.D.). Conclusion The report provides a critical analysis and examination of business challenge faced by the Planet innovation Pty Ltd of meeting customer expectations through continuous innovation. It describes various methods that can be used for evaluating and implementing the idea generated for developing the possible solutions for the problem in context. The company is currently emphasizing on becoming more customer focused through designing more innovative solutions to expand its market share. Problem faced by the company has been defined most appropriately through the integration of creative-problem solving approach. The problem is arising of innovation challenge for developing new strategies in order to design new app that can become an integral part of Australias innovation system. The report has been mainly focused report on exploring and discussing creative thinking strategies for developing the most effective solution for Planet to sustain innovation in its workplace. Company finds new way s with the alternative solutions so that product will not fail in the market. By the above discussion of mind mapping framework, idea generation model, designing and implanting the ideas, it has been analyzed that the company has to continuously drive its innovation efforts so that it incorporates emerging technologies in designing of such useful products for its customers. Recommendation There are some recommendations that company can use for innovation in its product: Company should design effective mind mapping framework to overcome the innovation challenges. Company can use proper fishbone technique to analyze the available opportunities. Company can use new strategies for exploring creative thinking. Idea generation model should be followed before the producing any new product. For continuously driving new innovation efforts, company should incorporate new technologies of designs. References Barton, D. N., Kraus, W.A., (N.D.). Implementing new technology. Retrieved on 15th September 2016 from https://hbr.org/1985/11/implementing-new-technologyBaumgartner, J. (N.D.). The Creative Idea Implementation Plan. Retrieved on 15th September 2016 from https://www.creativejeffrey.com/creative/ciip.phpBrenner, W., Uebernickel, f., (2016). Design Thinking for Innovation: Research and Practice. Germany: SpringerBusinessanalystlearnings, (2016). Mind mapping. Retrieved on 15th September 2016 from https://businessanalystlearnings.com/ba-techniques/2016/1/31/mind-mappingCreative education, (2016). Creative problem solving. Retrieved on 15th September 2016 from https://www.creativeeducationfoundation.org/creative-problem-solving/Financial review, (2016). 50 Most Innovative Companies 2015. Retrieved on 15th September 2016 from https://www.afr.com/leadership/brw-lists/most-innovative-companies/50-most-innovative-companies-2015-20160303-gn9ea7Herring, S.R., Jones, B. R., Bailey, B.P., (20 09). Idea Generation Techniques among Creative Professionals. Retrieved on 15th September 2016 from https://orchid.cs.illinois.edu/publications/HICSS-idea-generation-2009.pdfInsead, (2008). Idea generation and the quality of the best idea. Retrieved on 15th September 2016 from https://sites.insead.edu/facultyresearch/research/doc.cfm?did=42236May, R., (N.d.). 5 Steps to Developing an Innovative Solution to a Problem. Retrieved on 15th September 2016 from https://www.businessdictionary.com/article/728/innovative-companies-solve-problems-for-customers/Planet, (2016). Retrieved on 15th September 2016 from https://planetinnovation.com.au/Planet, (2016). Strategic Innovation. Retrieved on 15th September 2016 from https://planetinnovation.com.au/services/innovation/Planetinnovation, (2016). Design is more than skin deep. Retrieved on 15th September 2016 from https://planetinnovation.com.au/design-is-more-than-skin-deep/Sicinski , A., (N.D.). HOW TO SOLVE PROBLEMS USING THE SIX THINKING HA TS. Retrieved on 15th September 2016 from https://blog.iqmatrix.com/six-thinking-hatsthe thinking business, (2016). Mind mapping. Retrieved on 15th September 2016 from https://www.thethinkingbusiness.com/mind-mappingTonybuzan, (2016). What is mind map. Retrieved on 15th September 2016 from https://www.tonybuzan.com/about/mind-mapping/

The Catcher In The Rye! Essay Example For Students

The Catcher In The Rye! Essay The TitleHolden sees his purpose as protecting children from a world that does its best to ignore them. He sees himself as the catcher in the rye, saving kids from the unknown. Eventually, Holden realizes that he cannot protect children from the adult world and that they must grow up, and learn by making their own mistakes. Eventually, he will realize that he must enter the adult world too. The CharactersHolden CaulfieldHolden is both the main character and the narrator of the novel, everything I learned is filtered through Holdens consciousness. I only know of Holden what Holden himself chooses to tell us, and what he chooses to report of what others say about him. Holden is sixteen, thin, wears his hair in a crewcut, doesnt eat much, smokes too much, and is somewhat out of shape. Holden is thoughtful, sensitive in his treatment of others, and that his family is quite rich. Its also evident that Holden is friendly, but seems very lonely. Holden feels most comfortable relating to children, especially his younger siblings Allie and Phoebe. Only children have the honesty and lack of prejudices that the idealistic Holden expects of the world. Grown-ups inevitably disappoint and show themselves to be hypocrites, like his older brother D.B., prostituting his talent in Hollywood, or his former teacher, Mr. Antolini, a drunk stuck in a loveless marriage. Holden associates agin g with hypocrisy and death, and this explains his appreciation of the innocence of children and also his own resistance to becoming an adult. We will write a custom essay on The Catcher In The Rye! specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The plot revolves entirely around Holden, the action of the novel is Holdens adventures while unchaperoned for three days, and other characters are only important in as much as they are important to Holden. What is most interesting about the novel, however, Holdens psychology through the course of the story. The two people Holden says he likes are Thomas Hardy and his younger brother Allie Caulfield. Both are dead. Allie has died of leukemia, and Holden has witnessed the death of a classmate as well. Holdens parents are distant and seemingly unconcerned with their children: instead of getting parental attention he is shipped off to boarding school after boarding school, and when ten-year-old Phoebe admits to smoking a cigarette her mother hardly bothers to scold her. Phoebe CaulfieldPhoebe is ten years old, with red hair she wears short in the summer and long in the winter, skinny (Holden calls her roller-skate skinny), sensitive, affectionate, and mature for her age, but very emotio nal. Phoebe goes to the same elementary school in New York City as Holden did; in her spare time she writes stories about her alter ego, a girl detective named Hazle Weatherfield, and skates in the park. In Holdens descriptions she is almost a prodigy, but in her reported conversations she seems simply to be an intelligent and sensitive little sister. Ackley StradlaterAckley and Stradlater are the two schoolmates of Holden who receive the most attention, and are in many ways flip sides of the same coin. Robert Ackley is a tall, pimply, slouching, slovenly kid (a virgin if I ever saw one, Holden says) who is always hanging around Holdens room, but who instantly disappears whenever Holdens roommate, Ward Stradlater, shows up. Stradlater is the same height as Holden, but is much stronger, more confident, and less thoughtful. He is also arrogant, lazy, and successful with women. Holden himself is somewhere between these two extremes, and tries to mediate between Ackley and Stradlater. J.D. Salinger seems to use this dislikable pair as character foils for Holden, presenting Holden as the happy medium. .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4 , .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4 .postImageUrl , .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4 , .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4:hover , .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4:visited , .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4:active { border:0!important; } .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4:active , .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4 .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud9ecebf88f714197bd27974a483667e4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Martial Arts Influence in Indonesia EssayThe StoryHolden Caulfield is both the narrator and main character of The Catcher in the Rye. He opens the novel by announcing what happened to him over the course of a few days in December, a few months before. Holden had just gotten kicked out of Pencey Prep, a boarding school in rural Pennsylvania, only a few days before Christmas vacation. It is Saturday afternoon when the action begins, and Holden plans to stick around at Pencey until Wednesday, when Christmas break begins. He stops to say goodbye to his favorite teacher, who lectures him on finding direction in life. Holden returns to his dorm room, and thinks about his brother D.B., a talented short-story writer whos sold out to write scripts for Hollywood. After a while Holdens roommate, Ward Stradlater, returns from the football game to get ready for his date. He happens to mention that his date, Jane Gallagher, knows Holden. Holden remembers Jane quite well: he spent a whole summer with her the year before. Stradlater suggests that Holden go downstairs and say hello, she is waiting for Stradlater downstairs. Holden, however, declines, although he thinks about her and considers calling her throughout the book. When Stradlaters leaving he asks Holden if he will write a composition for him for English class. Later that evening Holden writes the descriptive composition for Stradlater, deciding to write it about a baseball glove his little brother Allie had owned. Allie died of leukemia several years before, and Holden describes him as the smartest, funniest, nicest person he ever knew. Holden took it very hard when Allie died, broke some windows with his hand, and spent some time in the hospital recovering. Holden thinks about Stradlater with Jane, on whom he seems to have a crush. When Stradlater returns and wont tell him how the date went, Holden tries to fight him and quickly loses. After Stradlater is asleep, Holden decides to leave tonight rather than wait for Christmas break. He plans to get a hotel room in New York until hes expected home on Wednesday. After getting off the train in New York, he gets a hotel room, and goes to the bar on the first floor. He tries to get a drink but cant and dances with some women twice his age. Then he goes to another bar. When he arrives back at his hotel, he accepts the elevator boys offer to fix him up with a prostitute. The prostitute arrives but Holden doesnt feel like sleeping with her. In the morning, the elevator boy comes back with the prostitute and beats him up, taking the money he supposedly owes. The next day he arranges to go to see a theater show with a girl named Sally Hayes, and buys a record for his kid sister, Phoebe. On the way to the show, he and Sally kiss and he suggests they elope to some little cottage in New England. Afterwards, they quarrel and Holden leaves. He meets up with a former classmate at a bar that night and gets drunk. He thinks about his brother Allies grave, but he never visits it because he hates to think of it getting rained on. He walks across Central Park, accidentally breaks the record for his sister, and decides to go home to see his sister. Phoebe is happy to see him, but gets mad when she realizes hes been kicked out of another school. Phoebe asks him what he wants to do whens hes grown up, and Holden says he pictures a big field of rye, with lots of children playing in it. At one end of the field is a giant cliff, and Holdens job is to catch the little kids if they get close to the edge, so that they dont fall off the cliff. Holden calls a former teacher of his, Mr. Antolini, who says he can spend the night there. Holden sneaks out of his familys apartment without his parents realizing he has been there. .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5 , .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5 .postImageUrl , .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5 , .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5:hover , .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5:visited , .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5:active { border:0!important; } .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5:active , .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5 .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1818ee1409197c14de2875c67313ffe5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Gender Stereotypes In Advertising EssayMr. Antolini has been drinking, and lectures him on his direction in life. Holden falls asleep on the couch and Mr. Antolini makes a pass at him. Holden leaves and sleeps at the train station. That morning, Holden goes to Phoebes school to arrange to meet her at lunchtime to say goodbye. He decides to take off to go out west and live in some isolated cabin away from New York and from school. While there, he rubs off where someone has written Fuck you on the wall, worried that some kid might see it. On his way out he sees another Fuck you, and realizes that he cant rub them all out and cant protect all the children. When Phoebe meets h im at lunchtime she wants to go with him and cries when he says she cannot. He eventually relents and gives up the idea. He buys her tickets and she rides on the Central Park carousel while he sits on a bench and watches her. Whats the author trying to say?I think the story is about his life. I think he used different events in his life, made up some characters and made a book out of it. I think what he is trying to say is that so many bad things can happen in your lifetime but instead of worrying about them, think about the good things that can happen in the future. The characters I liked. I liked Ackley. He just seemed like a funny guy. I have allot more then just one friend but he has my kind of personality. He liked to go through things and ask questions about them which is something that I love to do. He also is very quiet when he is around people he doesnt like very much, which is another thing I seem to do allot. The characters I didnt like. I didnt like Stradlater. He wasnt a very good person and he liked to use girls for sex and other stuff like that. He is the type of person that I hate, allot. He didnt have a very good personality. He was very demanding, like when he told Holden to write that essay. Holden wrote it for him but didnt write what Stradlater wanted him to write about. So he got angry at Holden. He should have appreciated the fact the Holden wrote anything despite the fact he was getting kicked out of school. I also didnt like Holdens parents. You really didnt hear much about them but they just didnt seem to care about their children at all. They just shipped them off the boarding school without a care, which makes them really bad parents. How the story relates to my life. The story didnt really relate to my life at all. I mean I have good friends who treat me with respect, I never got kicked out of school or anything like that. Holdens life is allot different from mine, his whole outlook on life seems so different and in parts of the story wrong to me. I mean, children do look at the world in a whole different way but when you see the reality of it as you get older, the thing to do is to not let it get you down, but find the good in all of it. Which is technically what a child pretty much does.

RG LeTourneau Essays

RG LeTourneau Essays RG LeTourneau Paper RG LeTourneau Paper Impact on this earth. R. G. Literature was born in Rockford, Vermont during the winter of 1 888, the son of Caleb and Elizabeth Literature. At the age of 14, he decided that a traditional education was not for him. At the disappointment of his parents, R. G. Literature dropped out of school, and quickly moved in to the working world. His first Job, working as an apprentice molder for East Portland Iron Works, proved to be a stepping stone to what would one day produce an inventor of grand proportions. He is most famously known for his innovative earth moving equipment that evolutionist the Industry In more ways than one, but Is also known as one of the few businessmen that gave credit to the Lord for all that he was given. And although there were many ups and downs, Literature continuously strives to keep his partnership with God at the forefront of every venture he approached. Literature was an innovator without realizing that he was innovative. In fact, when described as being a man whose visions were years ahead of his time, he would often scratch his head in dismay. He felt that his invention were very much in he present, coming up with most of his ideas In his bath tub or on the seat of a tractor, and creating what he needed at the time to get him past one problem or another. The items that he invented are too numerous to list, but the most widely known for his development and invention of earthmoving machines. One of the most recognizable creations was the runner tire bulldozer. By adding runner tires, this machine could now work through terrain in which it was not previously capable. He also made numerous improvements to scrapers, even creating a two wheeled tracker named the Turnaround, which would allow scrapers to be more efficiently maneuvered. Approximately 80 inventions were patented while working on government contracts. Literature factories were responsible for supplying seventy percent of heavy equipment used during WI. Also, while working on projects In Liberia and Peru, he invented what became known as the Jungle Crusher, a machine that could push through and destroy massive trees of the Jungle. In later years, Literature invented the first known mobile drilling platform used for offshore drilling. These platforms ere first created for Capita Oil, Inc. , then owned by George H. W. Bush. In 1937, he married Evelyn Peterson of Minnesota. Their family would eventually grow in size with the addition of seven children. Unfortunately, his first born passed away at a very young age from a flu epidemic, and another son passed away later in life in a plane crash. His living children are his only surviving daughter, Louis, and four sons Richard, Ray, Ted and Ben. All of his children were raised knowing that God comes first and everything else comes after. Each of them lived to work with heir father, helping to develop projects in Liberia in Peru and by managing and overseeing the company, the foundation, and the college. Not only did Literature instill Christian values in his home, but also in his business. He was one of the only businessmen to insist that a chaplain be available to all of his employees. He also helped develop and publish a monthly newsletter about faith and Christianity that was distributed to all of his employees and multiple fellow businessmen. This publication is named NOW, and is still in publication as Now Magazine, distributed ND maintained at Literature University. Literature was always loyal and appreciative of his employees. When working through a serious problem on one particular Job, he wasnt sure how he would meet a deadline that was required in order to keep the Job. He turned to his employees, and asked for their guidance and support. Although they werent sure that they could achieve the goal in front of them, they promised to do whatever means necessary to try. Literature (1972) commented on this in his auto biography saying, l had a mighty loyal bunch of men. If all Christians could unite like that in their loyalty of the Lord, this world wouldnt be in the mess its in. (Literature, 1972, p. 180). Whether they thought of as crazy or inspiring, there was never a doubt in his peers minds that R. G. Literature was a man of faith that built his business on the grounds of Christianity. To him, working with God as a partner was essential in order to be successful in this earthly life. He was known to say, Not how much of my money I give to God, but how much of His money I keep for myself. (Literature, 1972, p. 90). This quote seems to epitomize the doctrine in which Literature stood. He believed that R. G. Literature His Faith Share information in this section describing his Christian Faith Share his life scripture verse Share information in this section on any specific quotes mentioned as it relates to his faith Conclusion Share your thoughts on learning about the founder of Literature University and how this impacts earning your degree at Literature University Share information in this section on any specific quotes mentioned that has impacted your life References Cliffs, N. J. : Prentice-Hall.

Human Resources Vocabulary for English Learners

Human Resources Vocabulary for English Learners English teachers are often not equipped to go into depth in the terminology required in specific trade sectors. For this reason, supplementary core vocabulary sheets go a long way in helping teachers provide adequate materials for students needing an intensive study of vocabulary in very targeted areas. This core vocabulary reference sheet provides keywords and phrases used by a business human resources department. This list can be used as a starting point for  vocabulary study relating to employment and working. Knowledge of these terms can help people get a job and understand employee handbooks of policies that they are required to follow upon employment at a company. The list contains British and American spellings of terms and phrases, as noted by the use of (UK) and British spellings such as labour, which is spelled labor in the United States. Human Resources Vocabulary absentee absenteeism absenteeism rate accident at work/industrial injury applicant/candidate application form apprenticeship aptitude test assessment of applicants assistant back pay bargaining power basic salary blue-collar worker business  hours/office  hours Christmas bonus clerical  work/office  work company  bargaining/company  negotiation compensation for permanent disability contractual situation cost-of-living allowance credentials day shift direct  labour  (UK) disability pension disciplinary measure/disciplinary sanction discrimination dismissal dismissal for cause dismissal without notice early retirement employer employment agency employment  card/working  papers employment contract/labour contract (UK) employment for a trial period employment  office employment  rate executive cadres executive personnel exit permit experienced person family allowances family leave federal holiday/national holiday (US)/public holiday (UK) freelance full employment full time full-time employment general  strike gross wages and salaries harassment have an accident at work healthcare higher education/advanced education human relations (US)/human relationships (UK) independent unions index-linked wages indirect  labour (UK) industrial  tribunal (UK)/labour  court (UK) internal regulations irregular work/discontinuous work job/employment job application job description job evaluation job satisfaction job security job sharing junior  clerk/junior  employee labor costs labor disputes labor force/manpower labor market labor mobility labor relations (US) /industrial relations (UK)   labor relations/trade-union relations labor retraining labor supply labor union (US)/trade union (UK)   layoff learning by doing leave letter of appointment lock-out management training managing director maternity leave middle management minimum rate of pay minimum wage moonlighting motivation night shift occupation/employment office hours office manager office staff/office personnel on-the-job training outsourcing overtime pay overtime work part time part-time job partial disability pay pay envelope (US)/wage packet (UK) pay  formula/retribution  diagram pay increase for merit paycheck/payslip payroll/payroll ledger pension pension fund period of notice permanent disability permanent job/steady job permanent staff personnel/staff personnel department personnel requirements planner pretax prevention production bonus professional qualifications professional training programmer purchasing manager re-employment redundancy payment refresher course relationship management remuneration resign (chairperson)/to give notice (employee) resignation (chairperson)/notice (employee) retirement retirement age right to strike salaried  workers/employees salary salary  range/wage  band seasonal employment seasonal workers second shift secondary job senior clerk / senior employee severance  pay / dismissal  pay short-term employment sick leave / sick day skilled labor (US) / skilled  labour (UK) skilled work skilled workers social costs social insurance / national insurance Social Security (US) sole  director staff costs / personnel costs striker temporary disability temporary staff temporary worker / temp the job is still vacant third shift time card time clock to apply for a job to appoint a person to ask for a raise to be dismissed / to be fired to be laid off to be on probation / to be on trial to be on strike to be out of work / to be unemployed to dismiss / to fire to fill a vacancy to go on strike to hold a position to interview to retire to risk indemnity to secure employment to select candidates to strike to take measures to take ones vacation  days (US) / to take ones  holidays (UK)   to train to work at home / to telecommute top manager total disability trade training training period trial period under contract underemployed unemployment unemployment benefits union dues / union subscription union officer / trade unionist unjustified dismissal unpaid leave unskilled labor (US) / unskilled labour (UK) unskilled worker vacancy / vacant position vacation (US) / holiday (UK) wage  bargaining / pay  negotiations wage ceiling wage claims wage dynamics wage freeze wage pressures wage-cost spiral wage-earning workers welfare contributions white-collar worker work overtime work shift workday (US) / working day (UK) worker working hour workload workplace

Children and hand-washing and Diaper changing Research Paper

Children and hand-washing and Diaper changing - Research Paper Example Work up a good lather for at least one minute. I actually felt confident about my hand washing and diaper changing techniques because I have helped take care of baby nieces and nephews in the past so this task was not really alien to me. I just had to make a few adjustments to my technique in order to come up to the required methods for this class. Like I mentioned earlier, I needed to make a few adjustments in terms of where to lay the clean diaper and how to transfer the child to that clean diaper. My hand washing technique, however, does not require any changes. I have learned that properly positioning the diaper under the child and making sure that the diaper is properly spread out could spell the difference in a childs comfort. The more spread out the diaper, the more comfortable the child will be. I also learned the importance of having clean hands while changing a

The media are a very powerful source of socialization today Essay

The media are a very powerful source of socialization today - Essay Example While people may have initially been livid with the way the case was handled, and the severity of the spill on human and plant health, the way that the newspaper presents the news about the settlement may change the discernment and actions of people towards BP. The newspaper presents information on the number of claimants who deserve compensation, a factor that BP had not integrated into its compensation plans. Through the major forms of media, television, and newspapers, people are able to get information on recent events such as the BP oil spill and socialize. Without such information, it may be indeed hard for people to fulfil socialization because of insufficient or impassable information. Through the socialization aspect, it is possible to provide an opinionated thought on an event. However, religious and educational institutions remain to be the main source of long-lived socialization aspects, unlike the media that may present sporadic and short-lived presentations that may fluctuate in the future or be prejudiced by external powers guided by egocentric

Meaning of life Essay Example for Free

Meaning of life Essay â€Å"Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world. † –Nelson Mandela The importance of learning is to enable the individual to put his potentials to optimal use. Education makes man a right thinker and a correct decision-maker. It achieves this by bringing him knowledge from the external world, teaching him to reason and acquainting him with past history, so that he can be a better judge of the present. With education, he finds himself in a room with all its windows open to the outside world. A well educated man is a more dependable worker, a better citizen, a centre of wholesome influence, pride to his community and honour to his country. A nation is great only in proportion of its advancement in education. Education is Self Empowerment. Receiving a good education makes a person strong enough to look after himself in any given situation. It keeps him aware of the given surrounding as well as the rules and regulations of the society. Its only through knowledge that one can question authority for its negligence or discrepancies and only then that can a person avail his rights as a citizen and seek improvement in the structural functioning of governance and economy. As a whole, people can bring about development only when they know where improvement is necessary for the greater good of mankind. Education gives a better understanding to the person, it helps realize potential and qualities one possesses as a human being. It helps tap into latent talent, so that people can sharpen their skills. Education teaches what man lives and struggles for. It cultivates an integrated life. By so doing, it gives significance of life. It helps restores financial stability and dignity of life. It is the essential basis of a good life. Education enlightens and lifts a nation to heights of progress. The problem in India is that it has adopted democracy without preparing the ground for it by educating population. But its never too late to undertake mass programmes of Adult education or Social education. Adult education is the education of grown up men and women. In the complex modern times, people must be knowledgeable and be aware of what they are doing and what is being done to them. To create such sentience every responsible citizen should take up this social cause and educate the knowledge deprived people. Teaching a daily worker for just an hour daily can change their lives in propitious ways as it was rightly quoted by Neil Armstrong, ‘One small step is a giant leap for mankind’. In recent history our country has taken up good measures to ensure a high educated population by taking up several social causes and concentrating on the rural areas, since they comprise a majority but the system has been laid back due the restraints imposed by old cultural ethics. For the past few centuries in India, the girl has been completely neglected even as a human being, her sole purpose of life has been to feed the family and bear a child. Good education has been denied to women. It is argued that women have their domestic duties to perform and that, if they were educated, they would bury themselves in their books and have little time for attending to the management of their households. But what people fail to understand is education involves knowledge of the means by which health may be preserved and enable a mother to consult such modern books as will tell her how to rear up her children into healthy men and women and skilfully nurse them and her husband, when disease attacks her household. The purpose of education is not just earning a livelihood but education makes an individual into a good human being, which is passed on to the next the kith and kin. It is true that, the education of girls has lately taken a slight leap but this is only in a very small segment of Indian society. Unless the motion is fast and continuous, and includes more of poor urban and rural girls in the field of education, there can be no hope of having a developed and first world country status for India. â€Å"When a man is educated, only he is educated but, when a woman is educated, a family is educated. † – Indira Gandhi â€Å"Education is the great engine of personal development. It is through education that the daughter of a peasant can become a doctor, that the son of a mineworker can become the head of the mine, that a child of farworkers can become the president of a great nation. It is what we make out of what we have, not what we are given, that separates one person from another. † – Nelson Mandela.

Discussing The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass Essay

Frederick Douglass In the preface of The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, written by himself, William Lloyd Garrison, Abolitionist and member of the Anti-Slavery Society, said of Frederick Douglass, after hearing him speak, â€Å"Patrick Henry, of revolutionary fame, never made a speech more eloquent in the cause of liberty than the one I had just listened to from the lips of that hunted fugitive.† Garrison and other abolitionist convinced Fredrick Douglass to continue to tell his story of slavery, but Douglass was not a free man and warily told, â€Å"only fragments of his life story, guarding always the details of names, places and means of escape which might have identified him to his master and exposed friends and accomplices who had helped him in his way.† The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass was Douglass’ first autobiography. In it he revealed all the details of his childhood that he could remember, which he had never spoken to anyone prior to writing the narrative because a slave with any knowledge of anything besides obeying his master was often punished by death. From listening intently to conversations of both his negro family and his white masters, he knew he was born in Tuckahoe, near Easton, in Talbot country, Maryland. Years later, when he thought he was about seventeen years old, he heard his master say it was 1835, so he at that time, set a near estimate of his own birth to be around 1818. Frederick was raised until the age of seven by his grandmother, Harriet Bailey, in a cabin with many of his other cousins, who were taken from their parents. It was the white master’s intent to separate slave families so the slaves would remain ignorant of who they were. Frederick knew his mother, Betsey B... ... Frederick change his last name from â€Å"Bailey† to â€Å"Douglass† to protect him from being identified. Frederick said in his narrative, â€Å"From my earliest recollection, I date the entertainment of a deep conviction that slavery would not always be able to hold me within its foul embrace, and in the darkest hours of my career in slavery, this living word of faith and spirit of hope departed not from me, but remained like ministering angles to cheer me through the gloom. This good spirit was from God, and to him I offer thanksgiving and praise.† Frederick Douglass became a vital aspect of the anti-slavery movement from 1841 until his death in 1895. Freedom for Frederick was bittersweet in that his freedom was precious to him, yet illusive in the bondage that he carried in his heart and mind for the daily terrors that continued to be suffered by his fellow slaves.

ACC 290 Financial Statements Essay

Financial statements are a means of communicating numbers within a business. Without proper numbers your business could be a success or a big failure. â€Å"You will rely on them to make decisions, and managers will use them to evaluate your performance. That is true whether your job involves marketing, production, management, or information systems† (Kimmel, 2009). The financial statements shows the business financial standpoint at a given time period, and it also helps the business to understand what they need to do to improve. A company’s livelihood depends greatly on their financial statement because it determines if the business is successful, can it hire new employees, or can it receive any more additional loans. A financial standpoint of the company is monitored by its financial statements. The four basic financial statements are retained earnings statement, balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flow. During a certain time period presenting a snapshot of what your business owns (its assets) and what it owes (its liabilities), you prepare a balance sheet. â€Å"To show how successfully your business performed during a period of time, you report its revenues and expenses in an income statement† (Kimmel, 2009). Specifying how much of prior income was dispersed to you and the other owners of your business in the form of dividends and how much was reserved in the business to allow for future growth a retained earnings statement is presented. Showing where your business obtained cash during period of time you would prompt a statement of cash flow. The purpose of balance sheet it to show the amount of assets a company has obtained by evaluating the claims of creditors and the claims of owners. This type of relationship can be shown in an equation assets equal liabilities plus stockholders equity. A company success or failure is monitored by its income statement because it shows a company’s revenue monitored by its expenses. The net income is obtained through the income statement by deducting its expenses from its revenues. The retained earnings statements are different because retained earnings are the net income retained in the corporation. Dividend payment practices are assessed because the amount of the retained earnings statements is deducted or added by the company’s dividends. The statement of cash flow shows the company operating, investing, and financing doings. It shows the company cash position and what is happening to its most important source. Managers use financial statements for several purposes. If a company needs to meet labor demands and need to hire new employees the financial statements helps in knowing how many employees they can afford to hire. On the income statement, management compares sales and expenses of a period of time with recent events to notice if there is a big change. They can identify likely problems and investigate the cause; however, they can regulate if they can afford new equipment, merchandise, and other operating expenses. Using the balance sheet managers can determine if a change applied helped the company or delayed it. Employees look at financial statements to know if the company is managing their money well and can meet payroll obligations. Employees also can gain knowledge of potential bonuses or layoffs based of the net income that is reported on the income statement. Financial statements are useful to investors and creditors because it shows the company’s financial position and allows them to make better decisions concerning the company. For the investors and creditors financial statements helps to evaluate the risks related to the possible investment or loans issued as well as estimate returns from the money invested. Investors and creditors analyzes company’s financial position, operational results, cash generated by different activities before making investment decisions. If the company owes more than it owns than creditors may not allow that company to receive additional loans. To investors it shows if the company is operating profitably. Financial statements are vital to the success of a business. They can be used as a roadmap to direct you in the correct direction and help you avoid costly failures. Maintaining financial statements for a company can only help a company. Improper financial statements put a company in jeopardy. The different statements show if a company can afford to hire new employees or if they need to do some lay-offs. To determine if a company can be approved for additional loans or if it is expected to fail you must rely on the financial statements. In general financial shows the financial standpoint of a company and decisions a company has to make cannot be made if there are no financial statements.

A Separate Peace Essay

In the novel, A Separate Peace, by John Knowles the question is presented â€Å"what is a true friend?† The author challenges the question by manifesting two main characters, Finny and Gene, to have a type of rivalry relationship. Finny is a self-confident, outgoing, and athletic person. Awhile on the other hand Gene is quiet, competitive, and intelligent person. Gene gains jealous thoughts which in the end lead their friendship too gradually to fall apart. The author creates a challenge that frustrates both Finny and Gene to test both side of their relationship. As an example the author shows Finny’s fall in the climax of the book is due to Gene being jealous of him which then leads to Finny’s tragic injury.†I was not of the same quality as he. I couldn’t stand this†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Knowles 52). Gene was surrounded with depression and major guilt. I feel that, with friendship there is always going to be envious feelings towards the other party no matt er what, but not to a point of possibly injuring them or hurting them really bad. Another incident is when Gene wears Finny’s clothes while he is recovering from his injury. This brings out the thought that Gene missed Finny and he had a feeling of loneness, but however he is also replacing him in his athletics.†Listen, pal, if I can’t play sports, you’re going to play for me† (Knowles 76). Due the past altercations, Gene will play for Finny, not only because he was the second best player but Finny was injured. So I guess you can say he qualifies for his replacement. This shows that in a friendship or relationship, when two friends have had an argument in the past that has lead to loneliness, an empty feeling, and non communication, but in the end this is the factors that makes a friendship stronger when they finally talk again for the first time in a long period of time and they both feel the love and welcoming type of feeling. The last incident that occurs shows the true feelings of friendship illustrated by the author is, this is when Finny falls down the stairs and  he breaks his leg for the second time. But sadly in the end e eventually dies in surgery when the doctor begins his procedure on Finny’s leg to try to fix it. The doctor then explains that the marrow of the bone escaped and went throughout his bloodstream leading to his heart killing him. Gene didn’t cry for one reason, when he was at Finny’s funeral, he felt as if this was his own.†I could not escape a feeling that this was my own funeral, and you do not cry in that case†(Knowles 184). Gene is mad at himself for endangering Finny’s life by bouncing and unbalancing the tree branch as Finny leaped out towards the water and in the end unintentionally ending his Finney’s life. John Knowles wrote the sad story of when friends obtain the feelings of envy or jealousy, on their journey to discover the true meaning of what they thought was a true friend. Their jealous cravings lead them to their tragedy and this is the major factor that brought their friendship to a end. The question â€Å"What is a true friend?† can only be answered in your opinion for there is no true definition of true friends because everyone is different and therefore think differently and has a different opinion on the subject. A Separate Peace Essay The book, A Separate Peace was written by John Knowles. It was first published in 1959. It tells the story Gene Forrester, a former student at a prep school in New Hampshire, who returns to the school after he graduates. While he is there, He remembers the summer of 1942. When he walks up to a tree by the river, he remembers his friend and roommate Phineas. Phineas was the best athlete in the entire school. From then on the story moves back to 1942 at the school named Devon. Phineas’ athleticism inspires Gene to become one of the smartest kids in the school. He starts to do well in school until he failed a test because of a trip to the beach with Phineas. When this happens, he blames Phineas for him failing. He begins to get angry with Phineas and tries to stay focused until one day when Phineas persuades Gene to go and jump from a tree into the river. Gene thinks this is just another attempt to pull him from his studies so when he and Phineas are standing on the tree limb, Gene Jounces the limb to cause Phineas to lose his balance and fall to the river bank. Phineas shatters his leg and this accident cost him his athletic career. Gene felt guilty about the incident and tries to confess to Phineas. Phineas refused to believe what happened and continued to think that it was just an accident. Once Phineas returns to the school, he convinced Gene to train for the 1944 Olympics. Gene tried to explain that this would be impossible with World War II going on so Phineas persuaded him to believe that the war is fake. Gene accepted his explanation and began to train for the Olympics. Then one day, Brinker Hadley brings the boys and some of their friends together for a mock trial to accuse Gene for being responsible for the accident. When another boy shares his view of the story saying that he saw Gene Jounce the limb, Phineas leaves the room in anger. While walking down the stairs, he fell and broke his leg again. While talking to Phineas in the hospital, Gene insists that he didn’t mean to hurt him. Phineas accepts his apology and they remain friends. The next day in surgery, marrow from Phineas’ leg leaked into his blood stream making its way to his heart and killing him. Gene looked back after the war and realized that his real enemy was his own jealousy of Phineas. A Separate Peace Essay In chapter four the doppelganger is starting to form. Gene is starting to believe that there is a deadly rivalry between Finny and him. Gene is striving to win the valedictorian which means he has to study hard. Gene thinks that when he wins valedictorian that Finny and him will finally be even. Gene asks Finny if he minds that Gene is trying to win valedictorian, Finny replies, â€Å"I’d kill myself out of jealous envy† (52). Gene believes this. Gene has a lot of bitterness towards Finny since Finny is a star athlete and can talk his way out of any trouble he gets in to. To help deal with the bitterness Gene starts to tell himself that Finny is also jealous of Gene’s academic abilities. This bitterness towards Finny helps Gene advance in classes to bother Finny. Gene starts to think that Finny purposely tries to ruin his study times. Gene is starting to realize that Finny was never trying to compete with Gene with him. Gene then goes into deeper bitterness than he was in before, Gene believes that Finny is superior. This foreshadows when Gene shakes the tree limb. When Finny falls off the tree, this is the climax of the story since Gene and Finny are doppelgangers and only one of them can exist, and the one that is trying to hurt the other Gene. Finny was never trying to hurt Gene in any way but it was all in Gene’s mind. The doppelganger is a conflict that goes on through out the whole book, Gene is always trying to get rid of Finny and compete with him meanwhile, Finny never means to harm anyone. When Finny dies, Gene shed no tears because Finny and him were one, and he couldn’t cry at his own funeral. A Separate Peace Essay It is important to confront reality, no matter how harsh it is. People will always face difficult situations, but avoiding them is often more dangerous than the situation itself. In his novel, A Separate Peace, Knowles explores what can happen when a person or even an institution tries to avoid painful circumstances. In the story, Gene, the protagonist, and his friends are students at the Devon boarding school; and the troubling issues they face are wars, the external, World War II, and the intimate conflicts that often arise between close friends. Knowles uses the motif of the transformation of Devon, Finny, and Gene to show the importance of confronting head-on the wars within and around them. Devon boarding school shields Gene and his classmates from the hardships of World War II. Gene’s class, the â€Å"Upper Middlers,† are too young for the draft. This causes the teachers at Devon to see them as the last evidence of â€Å"the life the war was being fought to preserve† (29). The teachers are afraid to expose the boys to the terror of war and so they hide it from them. While throughout the country, others participate in the war effort, Gene and his classmates remain apart and spend their time â€Å"calmly reading Virgil† (24). Because of this separation, the war becomes â€Å"completely unreal† (24) to the Upper Middlers. The entire world appears to be churning in the upheaval of the war, but Devon tries to remain the same, shielding the boys from its hardships. Unfortunately, when the effects of the war inevitably come to Devon, its attempts at avoidance result in a negative transformation with bitter and unintended consequences. In its efforts to deny the war’s existence, Devon changes from idyllic and relaxed in the Summer Session to rigid and uncompromising in the Winter Session. In the summer at Devon, the boys play games on the â€Å"healthy green turf brushed with dew† to the calming sounds of â€Å"cricket noises and the bird cries of dusk† (24). Such imagery makes Devon seem like a peaceful oasis for the Upper Middlers. However, this relaxed atmosphere of the Summer Session ends with Finny’s fall from the tree at Devon River. Jumping from the tree was an activity originally designed to prepare soldiers for war and Finny’s injury from it represents the boys’ first experience with the pain that war brings. To Devon, Finny’s fall proves that the relaxed atmosphere of the Summer Session could not protect the boys from the reality of war. As a result, Devon rejects the carefree environment of the Summer Session and changes into a strict school where â€Å"continuity is stressed† (73) in the Winter Session. This transformation proves negative as evidenced by Knowles stark change in his description of the Winter Session. For example, while in the Summer Session the boys freely roamed the â€Å"healthy green turf† of Devon’s fields, they crowd into the dark â€Å"Butt Room† a smoking room that Gene compares to a â€Å"dirty dungeon†¦ in the bowels of the dormitory† (88). Where once the boys played in beautiful fields, they are now confined in close, dark rooms. Gene further classifies the transformation as negative by immediately remarking that â€Å"peace [has] deserted Devon† (72) when he returns for the Winter Session. In attempting to avoid the effects of the war, Devon sacrifices its status as a haven for the boys. When the reality that the world is at war inevitably strikes Devon, its transformation makes it less able to deal with the effects of the war. Gene compares the inexorable arrival of the war to the snow that blankets the school grounds. He calls the snowflakes â€Å"invaders† that cover the â€Å"carefully pruned shrubbery bordering the crosswalks† and likens them to the â€Å"invasion of the war on the school† (93). In making this comparison, Gene seems to show that just as Devon’s â€Å"carefully pruned shrubbery† cannot escape the snowfall, its structured atmosphere cannot escape the war. In fact, it is that structured atmosphere that makes the war seem all the more attractive to the very boys Devon tried so desperately to protect. Representing this is the Upper Middlers’ decision to clear snow from train tracks designed to transport troops. This is their first serious contribution to the war effort and requires that they travel away from Devon, symbolizing their desire to leave their school and participate in the war effort. As they work, the boys see a train car of soldiers whom they view as â€Å"elite† in comparison to their â€Å"drab ranks† (101). Directly after seeing the troops, all they boys can discuss is the â€Å"futility of Devon and how [they] would never have war stories to tell [their] grandchildren† (102). The boys see Devon’s strict unchanging atmosphere as inadequate amidst the upheaval of the war. As a result, the Upper Middlers slowly reject Devon, resigning from clubs, leaving the school to enlist in the war, and losing their academic vigor. They resent Devon for keeping them from the war and remain forever distant from it. Gene exhibits this distance when he describes Devon after graduating. Gene calls Devon a â€Å"hard and shiny† (11) museum; he feels no connection to it. He finally concludes that â€Å"The more things stay the same, the more they change after all† (14). In trying to remain untouched by the war, Devon changed to a school that pushed its students to the very war it tried to avoid. Like Devon, Finny does not accept the hardships or existence of war in his life. Throughout the story, Finny embraces the glorified aspects of war, but refuses to accept its atrocities. For example, Finny wears his pink shirt to celebrate the Americans bombing of Central Europe. However, when he realizes that the bombing killed women and children, he tells Gene that he doesn’t think the bombing took place. He does not want to believe that innocent people are often casualties of war. Eventually, Finny decides that the war cannot exist because it causes too much suffering. Similarly, Finny calls Gene his â€Å"best pal† (48) and openly displays his affection for him. However, when Gene confesses to deliberately jouncing him from the limb out of jealousy, Finny refuses to listen. He cannot accept that a friend could become an enemy. Eventually, Finny’s denial of the conflicts in his life lead to a negative transformation. In trying to retain his rejection of the war, Finny changes from a confident, athletic leader into an embittered invalid. In the summer, Finny excels, becoming a natural leader of the boys and easily winning over teachers. Finny is also physically impressive as evidenced by Gene’s description of him playing in the Devon River. Gene says that Finny is in â€Å"exaltation,† with glowing skin and muscles â€Å"aligned in perfection† (34). In this description, Finny seems like an ideal, almost God like figure, completely in control and confident. Finny’s injury at the end of Summer Session, however, signals a dark transformation. Gene shakes the limb Finny is standing on while about to jump off the tree at Devon River and Finny falls and breaks his leg. Because Gene deliberately jounced Finny out of a tree used to prepare the seniors for war, Finny’s fall and subsequent injury symbolizes a forced confrontation with the potential pain of World War II and the war between Gene and himself. Rather than working through the hardship and pain, Finny rejects his former status as an athlete and leader and lets his injury define him as an isolated invalid. Instead of using his athletic abilities to overcome his injury, Finny seems to remain permanently maimed. Although his leg heals and his cast becomes so small that an â€Å"ordinary person could have managed it with hardly a limp noticeable† (157), Finny’s gait is permanantely changed. His inability to heal completely from his injury symbolizes his inability to confront and move on from the conflicts that caused it. Similarly, Finny loses his place as a leader among the Upper Middlers. When Finny returns to Devon for the Winter Session, he finds that the war dominates the Upper Middlers’ conversations. Finny does not believe the war exists and so he isolates himself and stops spending as much time with his peers. Where once he was a natural leader, he becomes an outcast to preserve his disbelief in the war. Finny’s negative transformation makes him more vulnerable to the wars in his life. At the end of the Winter Session, Brinker conducts a mock trial and convicts Gene of his role in Finny’s injury. Finny is again forced to face the reality of Gene’s jealousy. Furthermore, during the trial, Finny speaks to Leper for the first time after his return from the army. Leper’s insanity, induced by the war, forces Finny to confront its painful implications. Because of Finny’s transformation, he is even more susceptible to these implications. Symbolizing this are the events following the mock trial. After Brinker convicts Gene, Finny falls while trying to run away. He re-breaks his leg, reopening the wound of the summer and revisiting the pain of the wars in his life. Where before the injury only crippled Finny, this time, Finny eventually dies from it. Just as his invalid state made him more vulnerable to re-injuring his leg, Finny’s transformation in response to the war made him more vulnerable to it. Unlike Devon and Finny, Gene faces the reality of the war around him and his inner struggle with Finny. While Gene enjoys the peaceful atmosphere of Devon in the Summer Session, he recognizes its inadequacies. Gene explains, â€Å"Perhaps I alone knew†¦ Devon had slipped through their [the professors’] fingers during the warm over looked months† (73). Gene realizes that the Summer Session, and the realities it avoided, would be the undoing of Devon. Furthermore, while the other Upper Middlers deny the existence of the war, Gene understands it at a deep level. Gene explicitly says, â€Å"The war was and is reality for me† (32). He embraces the war instead of masking it. Similarly, Gene recognizes the inner war with Finny. Gene knows that he deliberately jounced the limb of the tree so that Finny would fall. He repeatedly tries to confess this to Finny, openly and inwardly confronting his jealousy. Finally, when Leper goes to war and is discharged for mental instability, Gene is the only student who visits him in his home and sees him in his worst state. Gene is able to witness the shock and horror of the war. Because of his ability to face the wars around and within him, Gene undergoes a positive transformation. Gene confronts the conflicts in his life and uses them to mature from a fearful, insecure boy to a balanced and strong man. Initially, Gene identifies the presence of fear in his life. As an adult reflecting on his childhood, Gene can see â€Å"with great clarity the fear [he] had lived in† (10). Gene is also initially in-athletic. While Finny garners many athletic awards, Gene does not often participate in sports and focuses on his studies. This makes Gene feel inferior to Finny and so he often succumbs to Finny’s desires, often at the expense of his own academic success. Gene feels inadequate and insecure in the Summer Session, but the Winter Session signals a change within him. Before returning to Devon for the Winter Session, Gene visits Finny and confesses his guilt. After confronting his jealousy and confessing to Finny, Gene returns to Devon and becomes increasingly independent and secure. Symbolizing this is Gene’s experience in the Naguamsett River. On his first day back to Devon, Gene falls into the â€Å"ugly, saline,† (79) waters of the Nagaumasett. Incidentally, Gene calls this encounter with the filthy waters a â€Å"baptism.. on the first day of this winter session† (79). This use of the word baptism, a term associated with initiation or rebirth, seems to convey that Gene is beginning a new life. Just as he emerges renewed from the gritty disgusting waters of the Nagaumasett, he emerges renewed from his painful, uncomfortable confrontation of his inner war with Finny. Directly following Gene’s â€Å"baptism,† Finny returns to Devon as an invalid and he and Gene’s roles reverse. Now, It is Finny who needs Gene, both physically and emotionally, to help him deal with his injury and his functioning at Devon. Gene’s sudden athletic prowess represents this role reversal. Since Finny cannot participate in sports, he trains Gene. As he excels in his training, Gene notices that Finny seems â€Å"older†¦. nd smaller too† (121). He then realizes that he is actually bigger and Finny is only smaller by comparison. Gene has used the conflict in his life to leave behind his insecurities and become a strong, independent man. Gene’s transformation proves positive as it enables him to grow from the conflicts in his life. The results of the mock trial do no break Gene like the do Finny. He has already confronted his jealousy and guilt, and is secure enough to withstand the pain. Likewise, when Gene finally graduates from Devon and enlists in the army, he endures the war without losing his sanity like Leper. Gene is able to do this because he â€Å"already fought [his] war† (204) at Devon. He learned to confront harsh realities, and therefore can overcome them. As an adult, Gene is able to return to Devon content and secure, having made his â€Å"escape from† (10) the fear that plagued his childhood. His ability to confront his wars enable him to mature through them. Devon, Finny, and Gene all transform throughout the story. However, Devon and Finny changed to avoid the war, but Gene changed to grow from it. These transformations and stark difference in their outcomes powerfully convey the importance of unflinchingly confronting wars without and within. A Separate Peace Essay One of the main focuses in the novel A Separate Peace is the friendship of Gene Forrester and Phineas. One would assume that two completely opposite people wouldn’t have such a strong relationship. They both have different views of the world. Where one would find strength the other finds weakness. With having two opposing personalities as the main characters, it’s easy for the reader to identify with one more than the other. It also gives the reader a chance to admire, as well as pity, both Gene and Phineas. One of the most important differences between Gene and Finny is their views of the world. Gene has a more cynical world view. On the other hand, Finny’s view of the world is very pure and naive. Finny truly believes that everyone is good in the world. Another thing that sets Gene apart from Finny is their strengths and weaknesses. Gene is one of the top students of his class, while Finny just gets by with below average grades. But what Finny lacks in academic achievements, he makes up for in athletics. Read more:  Write about a person you admire essay Finny also has the natural ability to lead others and has a non conforming attitude, whereas Gene is follower and has a more conforming attitude. As well as many other novels, A Separate Peace includes easily relatable characters. While reading the novel, I discovered that there are certain qualities of both Gene and Finny that I can identify with. After careful consideration, I realized that I most identify with Gene rather than Finny. He and I both are drawn to people with larger than life personalities. I can also relate to his insecure feelings that come with having friendships with those types of personalities. His strength in academics is another trait of his that I can identify with. Even though I identify more with Gene, I also pity him. I pity that his jealousy pushed him to do something so harmful to his supposed best friend. I also pity that fact that he doesn’t have enough self confidence to tell Finny the truth. That being said, the person I admire would be Finny. He has this natural ability for being a leader, and it’s said several times that he can get away with anything. I also admire that instead of him moping about his leg, he twisted his own reality just to be happy. In conclusion, the main relationship in A Separate Peace involves two people with opposing personalities. They both view the world differently. Gene has more of a pessimistic view of the world, while Phineas’s view of the world is very innocent. Where Phineas finds strength, Gene finds weakness. While I indentify more with the character Gene, I also pity him for the outcome of his poor decisions. Instead, I admire Phineas. I admire his self confidence and attitude towards life. A Separate Peace Essay In the book, A Separate Peace, the author, John Knowles, writes to us a novel about war, but happens to focus more on the war within the human heart. This novel tells a story of two boys’ co-dependency during World War Two, and explores the difficulties with understanding the self during adolescence. Identity is complicated enough as the narrator, Gene Forrester, enters adulthood in a time of war, but a difficult friendship with a fellow student and rival leads to a further confusion of identity. Early in the book, the boys’ relationship is charged by Gene’s jealousy and hate of Phineas’ leadership. However, after Phineas falls from the tree, Gene ejects his darker feelings from himself and turns their relationship in a new direction where co-dependency, instead of envy, drives it. The central relationship between Gene and Finny, involves a troublesome search to authorize identity outside of co-dependency. Gene Forrester is a boy with many conflicts that he must face throughout his high school year. The most significant of these troubles is, without a doubt, Gene’s struggle with his own identity. At first Gene is displeased with his personality, or lack thereof. He envies his best friend, Phineas’ (Finny’s), wit, charm, and leadership. Throughout the book, Gene repeatedly finds himself acting like his friend, a transformation occurring that Gene is unaware of. There are a number of significant transformations within this story. Phineas is transformed from an active athlete into a cripple after his accident and then sets out to transform Gene in his place. This change is the beginning process by which Gene’s identity begins to blur into Finny’s, a transformation symbolized by Gene’s putting on Finny’s clothes one evening soon after the accident. â€Å"I washed the traces off me and then put on a pair of chocolate brown slacks, a pair in which Phineas had been particularly critical of when he wasn’t wearing them, and a blue flannel shirt† (78). This is the first time in the book that we notice just how much Gene is codependent on Phineas, even when he is gone. From this point on, Gene and Phineas come to depend on each other for psychological support. Gene playing sports because Phineas cannot, â€Å"Listen, pal, if I can’t play sports, you’re going to play them for me†¦Ã¢â‚¬  this allows Finny to train Gene to be the athlete that Finny himself cannot be. This training seems to be a path for Phineas simply to live vicariously through Gene. But Gene actively welcomes his attempt, for just as Finny acquires inner strength through Gene, Gene also finds happiness in losing the person he dislikes, himself, into the person he truly likes, Phineas. †¦and I lost part of myself to him then, and a soaring sense of freedom revealed that this must have been my purpose from the first: to become part of Phineas. † (77) In this way, the boys’ relationship becomes a perfect illustration of co-dependency, with each feeling off of and becoming fulfilled by, the other. This newfound co-dependency begins the evolution of the boys’ individual identities. Finny knows himself throughout the book, and is comfortable in his own skin, at least at first. After his fall, he becomes more withdrawn and tends to hide his true feelings. He seems to lose himself as the book progresses. The innocence and general good nature that defined him early on is lost in later chapters, as he continually deludes himself as to Gene’s true intentions. Gene, on the other hand, hides his true identity from Phineas and the others through most of the novel. Yet Gene truly reveals himself at several key points such as pushing Finny from the tree. The boys are living in their own secret illusions that World War Two is a mere conspiracy created by old men and continuing to believe that Gene, Finny through him, will go to the Olympics and that the world can’t change their dreams. The boys are refusing to develop their own goals and responsibilities without each other. Not even Finny’s death, though it separates them physically, can truly disentangle Gene’s identity from Phineas’. Gene feels as though Finny’s funeral is his own. In a way, the funeral is indeed Gene’s own. So much of Gene is intermixed with Phineas that it is difficult to imagine one boy existing without the other. The entire novel becomes Gene’s recollection of building his own identity, culminating in his return to Devon years later, where he is finally able to come to terms with what he’s done. During the time I was with him, Phineas created an atmosphere in which I continued now to live, a way of sizing up the world with erratic and entirely personal reservations, letting it’s rocklike facts sift through and be accepted only a little at a time, only as much as he could assimilate without a sense of chaos and loss† (194). It is perhaps only his understanding that Phineas alone has no enemy that allows the older Gene to reestablish a separate identity. One that is inferior to Phineas’. A Separate Peace Essay One of the most asked questions for A Separate Peace is: who exactly is the protagonist and antagonist? Most would agree that Gene is the protagonist, however is it Gene or Phineas that is the enemy? I believe that the real ‘bad guy’ in this book is Gene. He envied Phineas from the very beginning but didn’t admit it until a little later on. Whether it was getting away from trouble, having a natural athletic ability, or simply being modest and humble about things, Phineas seemed to have been better at almost everything. In this novel, many events occur between Gene and Finny that foreshadow the inner conflict Gene faces. For example, Gene and Finny are rebellious and often end up in trouble with the teachers. However, because of Finny’s smooth words, he is able to get the both of them away from punishment almost every single time. After getting out of trouble multiple times, Gene admits that he couldn’t help but envy Finny â€Å"just a little bit.† Small events like those happened often, and the reader can sense a feeling of jealousy growing inside of Gene. As Finny continued to be absolutely great at everything, Gene began to envy him more. Due to Gene’s inner conflict, their friendship dramatically changes. Gene plays the main character also known as the protagonist. He’s the narrator and brings the readers back fifteen years before as he tells his story of his life at Devon School. His actions and discoveries are what create the plot. For example, because Gene becomes a bitter and jealous person, he ends up creating a theory that Phineas is his rivalry (discovery). The darkness inside himself subconsciously forces him to jounce the limb, making Phineas fall (plot). Although Gene is the protagonist, I believe he is also the antagonist. In the book, Gene and Phineas have a good friendship; there were no arguments and they got along just fine. Gene, however, begins to envy Finny with things as simple as smooth words and athletic ability. As time progressed, the darkness inside of Gene grew and eventually it was full on competition. An antagonist is someone who opposes the main character, and oddly enough Gene opposes himself. He creates this fake assumption that Phineas is trying to be the better person. Unfortunately he got his theory mixed up with reality causing his friendship with Finny to fall down hill. â€Å"I found a single sustaining thought; you and Phineas were even. You are both coldly driving ahead for yourselves alone.† When it all comes down, Phineas is both the protagonist and antagonist. He is the main character yet he is his own enemy. His inner conflicts and insecure thoughts caused him to ruin his best friend along with their friendship. This book can teach the readers a great lesson about friendship and consequences when you start losing yourself to jealousy and envy; it certainly taught me something! A Separate Peace Essay In John Knowles’ novel A Separate Peace, it begins with the protagonist, Gene Forrester coming back to his alma mater the Devon School in New Hampshire. Wandering through the campus, Gene makes his way to a tall tree by the river; the reason for his return. From here he takes the reader back to the year 1942 during World War II when he was in high school. During the summer session of 1942, he becomes close friends with his daredevil roommate Finny. Finny is able to convince Gene into making a dangerous jump out of a tree into a river, and the two start a secret society based on this ritual. Gene slowly begins to envy Finny’s athletic capabilities and his innocence, and thinks that Finny envies him in return. Gene finally realizes that there was never any rivalry between them when, one day, Finny expresses a genuine desire to see Gene succeed. While still in shock, he goes with Finny to the tree for their jumping ritual. When Finny reaches the edge of the branch, Gene’s knees bend, shaking the branch and causing Finny to fall to the bank and shatter his leg. He goes to see Finny and begins to admit what happened, but the doctor interrupts him, and Finny is sent home before Gene gets another chance to confess. On his way back to school from vacation, he stops by Finny’s house and tries to tell him the truth about what happened. Finny refuses to listen to him, and Gene rescinds his confession and continues on to school. World War II is in full swing and the boys at Devon are all eager to enlist in the military. Brinker Hadley, a prominent class politician, tells Gene that they enlist together, and Gene agrees. But later that night, he finds Finny has returned to school. Both Gene and Brinker decide not to enlist. Brinker organizes a meeting with their classmates and has Gene and Finny come without notice. The boys question the two about the fall. Finny does not say much because he cannot remember clearly, and Gene claims that he doesn’t remember the details of it. The boys now bring in Leper, who was sighted earlier in the day skulking about the bushes, and Leper begins to implicate Gene. Finny declares that he does not care about the facts and rushes out of the room. Hurrying on the stairs, he falls and breaks his leg again. Gene sneaks over to the school’s infirmary that night to see Finny, who angrily sends him away. The next morning, he goes to see Finny again, takes full blame for the tragedy and apologizes. Finny accepts these statements and the two are reconciled. Later, during an operation on Finny’s leg, something goes wrong, killing him. Gene receives the news with  relative calmness; he feels that he has become a part of Finny and will always be with him. At the end of the novel Gene reflects on the constant enmity that plagues the human heart—a curse from which he believes that only Finny was immune. I believe that John Knowles titled his novel A Separate Peace because Gene gains a separate peace with himself. Even though he hurt Finny and had lots of conflict with him and troubling finding himself, at the end he is able to feel at peace. It was a different peace than he was expecting. The novel focused on the inner wars we wage with ourselves. Even in the midst of a world war, Gene battles his inner demons and defeats his worst enemy inside himself and thus creates a different, a separate peace for himself. The four main characters in A Separate Peace are the protagonist, Gene Forrester, the antagonist, Brinker Hadley, and two of their classmates Finny and Elwin â€Å"Leper† Lepellier. If I were to describe Gene in five words, I would say that he is insecure, envious, loyal, competitive, and honest. I would describe Brinker as authoritative, demanding, intelligent, responsible, and mature. Finny is outgoing, free-spirited, mischievous, vulnerable, and charismatic. And Leper is gentle, contemplative, quiet, bright, and bold. My first impression of the protagonist, Gene was that he very much a follower and not a leader. Right from the start he â€Å"let Finny talk [him] into stupid things† (17) and felt that â€Å"he was getting some kind of hold over [him]† (17). But he still jumped from the tree anyway. Another time I was able to see this was when Finny suggested that they go to the beach and Gene had thought of all the risks such as â€Å"expulsion, destroyed . . . studying [he] was going to do for an important test the next morning, blasted the reasonable amount of order [he] wanted to maintain in [his] life, and . . . the kind of long, labored bicycle ride [he] hated† (46). But his response was still â€Å"’ [a]all right’† (46). These actions of continuing to follow what others do, specifically Phineas is on Phineas’ first day back after his fall. Finny tells Gene for the first time that he was working towards the 1944 Olympics, but with his broken leg, he can no longer achieve that goal, which gives him the idea to train Gene for them instead. â€Å"And not believing him, not forgetting that troops were being shuttled toward battlefields all over the world, [he] went along, as [he] always did† (117). Gene does not only show this willingness to go along with just Finny, but Brinker as well. My first impression of  the antagonist, Brinker Hadley was that he is very authoritative and that he is definitely a leader. The first time I was able to see this was after their long day of service to the war effort when a group of boys including Brinker and Gene were in the butt room, and Brinker had told everyone that â€Å"[he was] giving it up† (100) and that he would enlist the next day. I saw it as him taking advantage of his leadership position among the boys and to lead the way into serving in the war. A more obvious way of seeing his leadership is the way that he is described as â€Å"the hub of the class† (87). Hub is a synonym for the center of something, or the heart and core. If someone is described as the hub of the class, then it means that they are the person that keeps the class together. The final way I was able to see Brinker’s leadership was towards t he end of the book. Even though he had transformed to a more rebellious way, there was still a sign of his authority when he had arranged the trial in the Assembly Hall. His wanting to know the truth that was hidden from him drove him to hold the meeting in order to find it. Gene is definitely a dynamic and round character unlike Brinker who is a static and flat character. Gene changes very significantly in the story. He struggled a lot with finding himself and his identity, so much that he believes that he is a part of Phineas. Oddly enough, this sort of makes sense. One way to think about it is the guilt – Gene was so disgusted with himself for having caused Finny’s accident that he can’t bear to be himself, so he becomes someone else: Phineas. Another explanation is that because the struggle to define him is so difficult, he’s simply borrowed someone else’s identity instead of creating one for himself. But once Finny is gone, Gene has to rely on himself to make decisions and make up his own rules. At the end of the novel as Gene is reflecting fifteen years later, he says that â€Å"[his war ended before [he] ever put on a uniform . . . [because he] killed [his] enemy there† (204). I believe that the enemy he defeated was the part of Phineas that was in him, and by doing that he was able to gain peace. Brinker really does not transform much throughout th e story. His main change is when he steps down from his position in the Golden Fleece Debating Society and his behavior at the winter festival, but his strong and authoritative personality remains. â€Å"It wasn’t the cider which made me surpass myself, it was this liberation we had torn from the gray encroachments of 1943, the escape we had concocted, this  afternoon of momentary, illusory, special and separate peace.† (136,137) This passage stood out to me because in the midst of a raging war, these schoolboys were able to find their own peace with each other by having fun and seeing that the little things in life like a winter carnival could create such an escape for them. It was their idea of freedom that gave them such peace within themselves, and it was as if the war was not even going on. There were many themes in this novel, but the one that stood out the most to me was the difference between creating your own identity and dependence on someone else to â€Å"borrow† theirs. When Phineas told Gene that he would be participating in sports in his place, Gene had a realization that what he had been longing for was to be a part of Finny. This is very different than the end of the novel where Gene is looking back to that time and realizing that the part of Phineas that was in him had died when Phineas died. And because of that death, he had to rely on himself in order to craft his own identity and to finally gain peace. I think that one of the biggest decisions Gene had to make was to tell Finny the truth on his way back to school after the summer session. Even though Finny did not listen to him, the courage that it took Gene to do that was immense. I think that it was wise because it showed that he cared enough about Finny to tell him the truth. I also think that it helped him get rid of some of the guilt by just having Finny know what actually happened, whether he believed it or not. If I were in Gene’s position I probably would do the same thing just because I know from previous experience that if you lie, it can really hurt you in the end, and it is a pain to have it harboring over you all the time. Iâ€⠄¢ve learned two life lessons from this novel. One is to enjoy life, and not be so worried about what is going to happen next. I should not be completely apathetic to the future, but to live to the fullest and have fun. Another more serious lesson is the importance of forgiveness and love. If someone has wronged me, I should not keep a grudge against them or make them feel terrible about it, but instead I should do what Christ calls us to do which is to love one another as yourself, and to forgive. A Separate Peace has really reminded me how important these lessons, especially the latter are as I continue to mature. There really was not anything that I disliked about this book except for one quote. Gene is telling the reader one of Finny’s most important rules, and one of them was â€Å"[a]lways say your prayers  at night because it might turn out that there is a God† (35). I did not like this quote just because of what I believe in and what I know as truth. I believe that there is a God and that I should always pray no matter what. But other than this one quote, there was nothing I really disliked about it.